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Triple Witching Explained
Definition:
Triple witching refers to the simultaneous expiration of three types of derivatives contracts on the same trading day:
- Stock Options (individual equity options)
- Index Options (e.g., options on the S&P 500, Hang Seng Index)
- Index Futures (e.g., futures tied to a market index)
This event occurs quarterly (third Friday of March, June, September, and December).
Key Market Impacts:
Heightened Volatility: Large volumes of expiring contracts force traders to close, roll over, or hedge positions, often amplifying price swings.
Volume Surge: Trading activity spikes as market makers and arbitrageurs adjust portfolios.
Pin Risk: Asset prices may hover near critical strike prices, creating uncertainty about option exercise outcomes.
Temporary Distortions: Rapid rebalancing can cause short-term price dislocations (e.g., "max pain" levels).
Strategic Considerations:
Avoid Illiquid Positions: Sudden liquidity crunches can exacerbate slippage.
Watch Expiry Times: In some markets (e.g., U.S.), contracts settle at market close; in others (e.g., Europe), times vary.
Post-Event Stability : Volatility often subsides after expiry, but follow-through trends may emerge.
Example:
On March 21, 2025 (today's date in Asia/Singapore), triple watching could affect markets like Hong Kong's Hang Seng Index if derivatives tied to it expire.
Disclaimer:
Triple witching can create tactical opportunities but requires caution. Market behavior varies by region and liquidity conditions. Always verify real-time data and consult a financial advisor before trading.
Note: Some markets (e.g., U.S.) have "quadruple witching," adding single-stock futures to the mix.
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