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股下股下
2021-07-18

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Cooperation with CATL regenerates variables, Apple is still strong in car manufacturing

在造车这一全新领域，即便有钱、有人、有号召力，只要Apple Car没真正上路，也很难断言常胜神话会终结还是延续。 Apple Car的轮廓正越来越清晰。根据DigiTimes Asia报道，苹果

Cooperation with CATL regenerates variables, Apple is still strong in car manufacturing

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{"i18n":{"language":"en_US"},"data":{"magic":2,"id":179543447,"tweetId":"179543447","gmtCreate":1626567609789,"gmtModify":1703761718337,"author":{"id":4087730338096200,"idStr":"4087730338096200","authorId":4087730338096200,"authorIdStr":"4087730338096200","name":"股下股下","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8dd13e383c2778a4a958454a58dacfc4","vip":1,"userType":1,"introduction":"","boolIsFan":false,"boolIsHead":false,"crmLevel":11,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"individualDisplayBadges":[],"fanSize":10,"starInvestorFlag":false},"themes":[],"images":[],"coverImages":[],"extraTitle":"","html":"<html><head></head><body>Wow</body></html>","htmlText":"<html><head></head><body>Wow</body></html>","text":"Wow","highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":5,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"link":"https://ttm.financial/post/179543447","repostId":1163709730,"repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1163709730","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1626566280,"share":"https://ttm.financial/m/news/1163709730?lang=en_US&edition=fundamental","pubTime":"2021-07-18 07:58","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"Cooperation with CATL regenerates variables, Apple is still strong in car manufacturing","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1163709730","media":"36氪","summary":"在造车这一全新领域，即便有钱、有人、有号召力，只要Apple Car没真正上路，也很难断言常胜神话会终结还是延续。\n\nApple Car的轮廓正越来越清晰。\n根据DigiTimes Asia报道，苹果","content":"In the brand-new field of car manufacturing, even if you have money, people, and appeal, as long as Apple Car is not really on the road, it is difficult to say that the myth of everlasting victory will end or continue. The outline of Apple Car is getting clearer and clearer.According to DigiTimes Asia,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AAPL\">Apple</a>We are selecting battery suppliers for Apple Car,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/300750\">Ningde era</a>、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002594\">BYD</a>Are on the negotiating list. But Apple insists on using batteries made in the United States. If CATL and BYD are unwilling to build factories in the United States, they may not be selected. Apple has begun to turn its attention to Foxconn and Licai Power, which are willing to set up factories in the United States.Apple has finally made some substantial progress in building cars. Compared with the iPhone iteration once a year, Apple's car-making process can be described as a long one. According to Ming-Chi Kuo, an analyst familiar with Apple, in the report: Apple cars will come out as early as 2025.At the end of last year, Apple put setting up a factory in the United States on the agenda and began to find out the upstream and downstream supply chains. Last month, according to Reuters, Apple had begun negotiations with CATL and BYD. Even if we can't reach an agreement in the end, it can be seen that Apple's car-making plan has reached the supply chain stage. According to the Nikkei report, an executive of a supplier said that \"(Apple) is advancing negotiations with at least about six companies.\"In the electronic equipment supply chain, Apple is a big customer that has to win, and many companies have grown into popular star companies in a short period of time relying on Apple's skyrocketing market value. Switching to the automotive field, Apple has become a wary intruder. Apple has always had absolute dominance in the supply chain, but in the ups and downs of building cars in the past seven years, they bitterly found themselves hitting walls everywhere. This is not the first time that negotiations with battery suppliers have changed, nor will it be the last.Strong Apple VS Strong Supply ChainApple has never been able to find a car-making partner that can negotiate.There is an embarrassing reality behind this. Apple once defined smart phones, true wireless Bluetooth headsets and tablet devices, and it naturally became the rule maker.It is used to control and toughness.Many times, the ups and downs of the supply chain follow Apple's actions. 70% of Foxconn's orders come from Apple, and even moved some production lines to Vietnam according to Apple's request.Any disturbance about Apple will cause fluctuations in the \"fruit chain\" company.<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/300207\">Sunwoda</a>In 2011, through cooperation with ATL, it began to supply batteries for iPhone 3 and iPod, but the supplier of iPhone 4 was replaced by Desai, which directly led to a 13% year-on-year decline in Sunwoda's net profit.Nicknamed \"Fruit Chain Three Idiots\" by stockholders<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002241\">Goertek shares</a>、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/300433\">Lens Technology</a>And<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002475\">Luxshare Precision</a>This year, due to factors such as the poor performance of the iPhone 12mini, the stock price has fallen by more than 40% in three months.Without Apple's blessing, most of these fruit chain companies will become boring and be left behind by the capital market. Removed this year<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002456\">OFILM</a>It's a vivid case-the stock price has fallen back to 2 years ago.In the field of electric vehicles, however, it's a latecomer. Of course, the giants who control the industry will not ignore such attractive customers as Apple, but they will not rely on Apple's aura.In 2020, CATL's annual installed capacity reached 34Gwh, ranking first, followed by LG Chem and<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">Tesla</a>Supplied<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PC\">Panasonic</a>, Foxconn and Likai Power are not in the top ten list. Faced with the battery supply chain that is already a giant, it is difficult to say who is stronger. It is also an expedient measure for Apple to find Foxconn and Likai Electric Power.The cooperation between Apple and OEMs has also been experiencing similar constant transitions.In 2015, according to the German \"Manager Magazine\" report, Cook visited BMW's i3 factory in Leipzig with great interest and wanted to develop his own electric vehicle based on BMW i3. According to Reuters, at that time, people from BMW also hinted at the intention of cooperation, but it soon disappeared because BMW was unwilling to give its own technology to each other and become a foundry.After that, Apple found Daimler, the parent company of Mercedes-Benz, and the open ending was similar to BMW: it did not cooperate to build complete vehicles, and other cooperation was not ruled out. \"We're not going to be Apple's Foxconn,\" said Dieter Zetsche, then CEO of Daimler.Japanese and Korean car companies have become Apple's next wave of targets, and similar stories to BMW and Daimler are repeated in Nissan. But the cooperation with Korean companies has been ready to come out once. On February 3 this year, CNBC reported that Apple is cooperating with Kia to produce cars, and it is a veritable \"Apple Car\". Kia has given great support, and the software and hardware will be in Apple's own hands.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/3fc4f09737d8c79a5ef730d5101ea134\" tg-width=\"1050\" tg-height=\"590\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Image from MondayNote concept diagramHowever, a week after the report was released, Kia issued an announcement saying that it was not negotiating with Apple to cooperate on the development of self-driving cars.When an anonymous executive explained the reason, he repeated the same concerns of Kia, BMW and Daimler. But this may be just one of the reasons, said Kwon Soon-woo, an analyst at SK Securities. \"The news exposure may violate the confidentiality agreement, which is not very comfortable.\"Apple has always strictly controlled the supply chain, paying special attention to confidentiality. CNBC reports touched Apple's reverse scales. When we cooperate, we have our own thoughts, and it's not unexpected that we break up unhappily. After the cooperation with Kia failed, Apple found LG, which is also in South Korea, and the outcome was pending.Whether it's an OEM or a Tier 1 supplier, it's hard not to worry about a behemoth like Apple with a market value of US $2 trillion. Perhaps for Apple, the glorious success of the past has become a curse.Apple enters a strange landNo one can deny Apple's technical strength. According to Reuters, Apple has developed a \"breakthrough\" battery technology monocell (single cell), that is, all cells are fused together to remove the gaps between the batteries, so that a battery pack of the same size can accommodate a larger capacity battery, providing longer battery life and saving costs.If this technology is mass-produced, just as the iPhone came out at that time, it will undoubtedly be another industry earthquake.However, the technical difficulties of electric vehicles are not only batteries. Electric drives, motors, etc. are unfamiliar fields to Apple. Apple also wants to get involved in unmanned driving and in-vehicle systems. Apple is most keen on this kind of all-inclusive software and hardware, and Tesla's success has also proved its feasibility, but Apple obviously has more constraints than startups.Initially, Apple took a two-pronged approach. Although the hardware was not progressing well, the in-vehicle system CarPlay was well received. 60% of new cars sold last year supported CarPlay.This is just an expedient measure. Sooner or later, car manufacturers will use their own systems. Just operating systems cannot carry Apple's ambitions at all. After developing its own car hit a wall, Apple once turned to driverless technology with higher thresholds.But Apple doesn't seem to be going all out. For years, its road test data has lagged far behind<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/GOOG\">Google</a>。 According to the 2020 report of the California Department of Motor Vehicles, Apple's road test mileage last year was 30,000 kilometers, and Waymo, a Google-based driverless car company, had a road test mileage of 1.01 million kilometers last year.No one knows what is happening inside Apple, and the outside world can only rely on the departure of executives to describe its turmoil. In 2021 alone, three executives from Apple's self-driving car team left, including veteran Benjamin Leone, who helped form the original car team and led several key projects.But from the high-salary poaching everywhere, we can see that Apple attaches great importance to the automotive business. In the car manufacturing team, there is the vice president who was in charge of Porsche's chassis development business<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/0NQ2.UK\">Manfrey</a>De Haller, former Model 3 chief engineer and Tesla senior vice president of engineering Doug Field. Last month, ulrich kranz, a former BMW executive, joined the Apple team, and it was he who led the development of i3, which Cook was particularly interested in.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/643a06e5fe3fa9441ce99560ca24cc7f\" tg-width=\"360\" tg-height=\"480\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Doug Field Image via: electrekEven though cooperation with the outside world lingers, many people still believe in Apple's ability to integrate the supply chain. Morgan Stanley once said: \"Drawing on Tesla's success, we have always believed that technology companies like Apple are more competitive than traditional OEMs.\"Apple hasn't rolled over on consumer electronics products for many years, and even left the impression that as long as it sells, the products will sell well. However, in the brand-new field of car manufacturing, facing cars with more than 30,000 parts, even if there is money, people and appeal, as long as Apple Car is not really on the road, it is difficult to say that the myth of everlasting victory will end or continue.","source":"36k","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Cooperation with CATL regenerates variables, Apple is still strong in car manufacturing</title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nCooperation with CATL regenerates variables, Apple is still strong in car manufacturing\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n36氪2021-07-18 07:58\n\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\nIn the brand-new field of car manufacturing, even if you have money, people, and appeal, as long as Apple Car is not really on the road, it is difficult to say that the myth of everlasting victory will end or continue. The outline of Apple Car is getting clearer and clearer.According to DigiTimes Asia,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AAPL\">Apple</a>We are selecting battery suppliers for Apple Car,<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/300750\">Ningde era</a>、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002594\">BYD</a>Are on the negotiating list. But Apple insists on using batteries made in the United States. If CATL and BYD are unwilling to build factories in the United States, they may not be selected. Apple has begun to turn its attention to Foxconn and Licai Power, which are willing to set up factories in the United States.Apple has finally made some substantial progress in building cars. Compared with the iPhone iteration once a year, Apple's car-making process can be described as a long one. According to Ming-Chi Kuo, an analyst familiar with Apple, in the report: Apple cars will come out as early as 2025.At the end of last year, Apple put setting up a factory in the United States on the agenda and began to find out the upstream and downstream supply chains. Last month, according to Reuters, Apple had begun negotiations with CATL and BYD. Even if we can't reach an agreement in the end, it can be seen that Apple's car-making plan has reached the supply chain stage. According to the Nikkei report, an executive of a supplier said that \"(Apple) is advancing negotiations with at least about six companies.\"In the electronic equipment supply chain, Apple is a big customer that has to win, and many companies have grown into popular star companies in a short period of time relying on Apple's skyrocketing market value. Switching to the automotive field, Apple has become a wary intruder. Apple has always had absolute dominance in the supply chain, but in the ups and downs of building cars in the past seven years, they bitterly found themselves hitting walls everywhere. This is not the first time that negotiations with battery suppliers have changed, nor will it be the last.Strong Apple VS Strong Supply ChainApple has never been able to find a car-making partner that can negotiate.There is an embarrassing reality behind this. Apple once defined smart phones, true wireless Bluetooth headsets and tablet devices, and it naturally became the rule maker.It is used to control and toughness.Many times, the ups and downs of the supply chain follow Apple's actions. 70% of Foxconn's orders come from Apple, and even moved some production lines to Vietnam according to Apple's request.Any disturbance about Apple will cause fluctuations in the \"fruit chain\" company.<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/300207\">Sunwoda</a>In 2011, through cooperation with ATL, it began to supply batteries for iPhone 3 and iPod, but the supplier of iPhone 4 was replaced by Desai, which directly led to a 13% year-on-year decline in Sunwoda's net profit.Nicknamed \"Fruit Chain Three Idiots\" by stockholders<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002241\">Goertek shares</a>、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/300433\">Lens Technology</a>And<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002475\">Luxshare Precision</a>This year, due to factors such as the poor performance of the iPhone 12mini, the stock price has fallen by more than 40% in three months.Without Apple's blessing, most of these fruit chain companies will become boring and be left behind by the capital market. Removed this year<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/002456\">OFILM</a>It's a vivid case-the stock price has fallen back to 2 years ago.In the field of electric vehicles, however, it's a latecomer. Of course, the giants who control the industry will not ignore such attractive customers as Apple, but they will not rely on Apple's aura.In 2020, CATL's annual installed capacity reached 34Gwh, ranking first, followed by LG Chem and<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">Tesla</a>Supplied<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/PC\">Panasonic</a>, Foxconn and Likai Power are not in the top ten list. Faced with the battery supply chain that is already a giant, it is difficult to say who is stronger. It is also an expedient measure for Apple to find Foxconn and Likai Electric Power.The cooperation between Apple and OEMs has also been experiencing similar constant transitions.In 2015, according to the German \"Manager Magazine\" report, Cook visited BMW's i3 factory in Leipzig with great interest and wanted to develop his own electric vehicle based on BMW i3. According to Reuters, at that time, people from BMW also hinted at the intention of cooperation, but it soon disappeared because BMW was unwilling to give its own technology to each other and become a foundry.After that, Apple found Daimler, the parent company of Mercedes-Benz, and the open ending was similar to BMW: it did not cooperate to build complete vehicles, and other cooperation was not ruled out. \"We're not going to be Apple's Foxconn,\" said Dieter Zetsche, then CEO of Daimler.Japanese and Korean car companies have become Apple's next wave of targets, and similar stories to BMW and Daimler are repeated in Nissan. But the cooperation with Korean companies has been ready to come out once. On February 3 this year, CNBC reported that Apple is cooperating with Kia to produce cars, and it is a veritable \"Apple Car\". Kia has given great support, and the software and hardware will be in Apple's own hands.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/3fc4f09737d8c79a5ef730d5101ea134\" tg-width=\"1050\" tg-height=\"590\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Image from MondayNote concept diagramHowever, a week after the report was released, Kia issued an announcement saying that it was not negotiating with Apple to cooperate on the development of self-driving cars.When an anonymous executive explained the reason, he repeated the same concerns of Kia, BMW and Daimler. But this may be just one of the reasons, said Kwon Soon-woo, an analyst at SK Securities. \"The news exposure may violate the confidentiality agreement, which is not very comfortable.\"Apple has always strictly controlled the supply chain, paying special attention to confidentiality. CNBC reports touched Apple's reverse scales. When we cooperate, we have our own thoughts, and it's not unexpected that we break up unhappily. After the cooperation with Kia failed, Apple found LG, which is also in South Korea, and the outcome was pending.Whether it's an OEM or a Tier 1 supplier, it's hard not to worry about a behemoth like Apple with a market value of US $2 trillion. Perhaps for Apple, the glorious success of the past has become a curse.Apple enters a strange landNo one can deny Apple's technical strength. According to Reuters, Apple has developed a \"breakthrough\" battery technology monocell (single cell), that is, all cells are fused together to remove the gaps between the batteries, so that a battery pack of the same size can accommodate a larger capacity battery, providing longer battery life and saving costs.If this technology is mass-produced, just as the iPhone came out at that time, it will undoubtedly be another industry earthquake.However, the technical difficulties of electric vehicles are not only batteries. Electric drives, motors, etc. are unfamiliar fields to Apple. Apple also wants to get involved in unmanned driving and in-vehicle systems. Apple is most keen on this kind of all-inclusive software and hardware, and Tesla's success has also proved its feasibility, but Apple obviously has more constraints than startups.Initially, Apple took a two-pronged approach. Although the hardware was not progressing well, the in-vehicle system CarPlay was well received. 60% of new cars sold last year supported CarPlay.This is just an expedient measure. Sooner or later, car manufacturers will use their own systems. Just operating systems cannot carry Apple's ambitions at all. After developing its own car hit a wall, Apple once turned to driverless technology with higher thresholds.But Apple doesn't seem to be going all out. For years, its road test data has lagged far behind<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/GOOG\">Google</a>。 According to the 2020 report of the California Department of Motor Vehicles, Apple's road test mileage last year was 30,000 kilometers, and Waymo, a Google-based driverless car company, had a road test mileage of 1.01 million kilometers last year.No one knows what is happening inside Apple, and the outside world can only rely on the departure of executives to describe its turmoil. In 2021 alone, three executives from Apple's self-driving car team left, including veteran Benjamin Leone, who helped form the original car team and led several key projects.But from the high-salary poaching everywhere, we can see that Apple attaches great importance to the automotive business. In the car manufacturing team, there is the vice president who was in charge of Porsche's chassis development business<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/0NQ2.UK\">Manfrey</a>De Haller, former Model 3 chief engineer and Tesla senior vice president of engineering Doug Field. Last month, ulrich kranz, a former BMW executive, joined the Apple team, and it was he who led the development of i3, which Cook was particularly interested in.<img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/643a06e5fe3fa9441ce99560ca24cc7f\" tg-width=\"360\" tg-height=\"480\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Doug Field Image via: electrekEven though cooperation with the outside world lingers, many people still believe in Apple's ability to integrate the supply chain. Morgan Stanley once said: \"Drawing on Tesla's success, we have always believed that technology companies like Apple are more competitive than traditional OEMs.\"Apple hasn't rolled over on consumer electronics products for many years, and even left the impression that as long as it sells, the products will sell well. However, in the brand-new field of car manufacturing, facing cars with more than 30,000 parts, even if there is money, people and appeal, as long as Apple Car is not really on the road, it is difficult to say that the myth of everlasting victory will end or continue.\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n source：<a href=\"https://36kr.com/p/1312893301785096\">36氪</a>\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/3fc4f09737d8c79a5ef730d5101ea134","relate_stocks":{"300750":"宁德时代","03086":"华夏纳指","AAPL":"苹果","09086":"华夏纳指-U"},"source_url":"https://36kr.com/p/1312893301785096","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1163709730","content_text":"在造车这一全新领域，即便有钱、有人、有号召力，只要Apple Car没真正上路，也很难断言常胜神话会终结还是延续。\n\nApple Car的轮廓正越来越清晰。\n根据DigiTimes Asia报道，苹果正遴选Apple Car的电池供应商，宁德时代、比亚迪都在谈判名单中。但苹果坚持要用美国产的电池，如果宁德时代和比亚迪不愿意在美国建厂，或许无法入选。苹果已经开始将目光转向愿意在美国设厂的富士康和立凯电能。\n苹果造车终于有了些实质性进展。比起iPhone一年迭代一次，苹果造车历程可谓漫长。根据熟悉苹果的分析师郭明錤在报告中透露：苹果汽车问世最早都要在2025年。\n去年末，苹果已经将在美国设厂提上日程，并开始摸底上下游供应链。而上个月，根据路透社报道，苹果已经开始和宁德时代和比亚迪洽谈。即便最后没能谈拢，也可以看出苹果造车计划已经走到了供应链阶段。而根据日经报道，一家供应商的高管表示“（苹果）至少正与约6家企业推进（造整车）谈判”。\n在电子设备供应链，苹果是抢破头都要拿下的大客户，也有不少公司依托苹果市值暴涨，在很短时间长成热捧的明星公司。转投汽车领域，苹果却成为让人戒备的闯入者。苹果从来在供应链都有绝对主导权，但在造车这7年的起伏中，他们苦涩地发现自己四处碰壁。和电池供应商的谈判生变不是第一次，也不会是最后一次。\n强势的苹果VS强势的供应链\n苹果一直没能找到谈得拢的造车伙伴。\n这背后有个尴尬的现实，苹果曾定义了智能机、真无线蓝牙耳机和平板设备，它顺理成章成为规则的制定人。它已经习惯了控制、也习惯了强硬。\n很多时候，供应链的兴衰起落都跟随着苹果的动作。富士康70%的订单来自苹果，甚至按照苹果的要求，将部分生产线移到了越南。\n任何关于苹果的风吹草动都会引起“果链”公司的波动。欣旺达2011年通过与ATL合作，开始为iPhone 3和iPod供应电池，但iPhone 4的供应商换成了德赛，直接导致欣旺达净利润同比下滑了13%。\n被股民戏称为“果链三傻” 歌尔股份、蓝思科技和立讯精密今年因为iPhone 12mini表现不佳等因素，在3个月中股价跌了40%以上。\n离开苹果加持，这些果链公司多半会变得无聊，被资本市场扔在脑后。今年被剔出的欧菲光就是鲜活的案例——股价已经跌回2年前。\n然而，在电动汽车领域，它是个后来者。把持行业的巨头们当然不会忽视苹果这样极具号召力的客户，但也不至于依赖苹果光环。\n2020年，宁德时代全年装机量达到34Gwh，位列第一，其后是LG化学和为特斯拉供货的松下，前十的名单中没有富士康和立凯电能。面对本身已经是巨头的电池供应链，很难说谁更强势，苹果找到富士康和立凯电能也算权宜之计。\n苹果和主机厂的合作也一直经历着类似不断的转场。\n2015年，据德国《经理人杂志》报道，库克饶有兴致地访问了宝马莱比锡的i3工厂，还想在宝马i3基础上开发自己的电动车。据路透社称，当时宝马方的人还暗示了合作意向，但很快没了下文，因为宝马并不愿意将自己的技术倾囊相授，沦为代工厂。\n之后苹果又找到奔驰母公司戴姆勒，开放式的结局和宝马类似：不合作造整车，不排除其他合作。“我们不打算成苹果的富士康。”时任戴姆勒CEO的迪特·蔡澈如此表示。\n日韩车企成为苹果下一波目标，和宝马、戴姆勒类似的故事在日产汽车上重演。但和韩国企业的合作有一次已经呼之欲出。今年2月3日，CNBC报道苹果正和起亚合作生产汽车，而且是名副其实的“Apple Car”，起亚给了很大支持，软硬件都会握在苹果自己手中。\n\n图片来自MondayNote概念图\n然而，报道发布后一周，起亚发布公告，称没有与苹果公司就合作研发自动驾驶汽车事宜进行谈判。\n一位匿名高管解释原因时，重复了起亚和宝马、戴姆勒相同的顾虑。但这也许只是理由之一， SK Securities 的分析师Kwon Soon-woo 表示，“新闻曝光，可能违反了保密协议，这可不是很舒服的事。”\n苹果向来对供应链管控严格，尤其重视保密，CNBC报道触到了苹果的逆鳞。合作时本就各怀心思，不欢而散也不算意外。和起亚合作告吹后，苹果又找到了同样在韩国的LG，结局又悬而未决。\n主机厂也好、Tier 1的供应商也好，面对苹果这样2万亿美元市值的庞然巨兽，很难不心生顾虑。或许对于苹果来说，过去辉煌的成功反而成为一种魔咒。\n苹果进入陌生地带\n没人能否认苹果的技术实力，根据路透社报道，苹果已经研发出了“突破性”的电池技术monocell（单电池），也就是将所有电芯融在一起，去掉电池之间的空隙，这样同样大小的电池包里可以容纳更大容量的电池，提供更长续航，也能节约成本。\n如果这种技术量产，正如当时iPhone横空问世一样，无疑又是一次行业地震。\n但电动车的技术难关不仅仅是电池，电驱、电机等等都是苹果陌生的领域，苹果还想涉足无人驾驶和车载系统。苹果最热衷这种大包大揽的软硬件，特斯拉的成功也证明了可行性，但比起初创公司，苹果显然有更多掣肘。\n最初，苹果双管齐下，虽然硬件进展不顺利，但车载系统CarPlay饱受好评，去年售出的新车中60%都支持CarPlay。\n这只是权宜之计，车厂迟早会使用自己的系统，只做操作系统根本不能承载苹果的野心。开发自有汽车碰壁后，苹果一度转向门槛更高的无人驾驶技术。\n但苹果似乎没有全力以赴，多年以来，它的路测数据都大幅度落后于谷歌。根据加州机动车管理局2020年报告，苹果去年路测里程为3万公里，谷歌系无人驾驶汽车公司Waymo去年路测里程已经达到了101万公里。\n无人清楚苹果内部发生着什么，外界只能靠一个个高管离职描摹它的动荡。仅仅在2021年，苹果自动驾驶汽车团队就有三位高管离职，其中包括老兵本杰明.利昂，正是他帮助组建了最初的汽车团队，并且领导了几个关键项目。\n但从四处高薪挖人，又可以看出苹果对汽车业务的重视。在造车团队中，有曾负责保时捷底盘开发业务的副总裁曼弗雷德·哈勒，前 Model 3 首席工程师、特斯拉高级工程副总裁道格.菲尔德。上个月，宝马的前高管乌尔里希・克兰兹加入苹果团队，正是他带领开发了库克当年尤为感兴趣的i3。\n\n道格.菲尔德 图片来自：electrek\n即便和外部合作徘徊不前，很多人仍然相信苹果整合供应链的能力。摩根斯坦利曾表示：“借鉴特斯拉的成功，我们一直认为，像苹果这样的科技企业要比传统OEM厂商拥有更强大的竞争力。”\n苹果多年没在消费电子产品上翻车，甚至留下只要它出手，产品就会大卖的印象。然而在造车这一全新领域，面对超过3万个零件的汽车，即便有钱、有人、有号召力，只要Apple Car没真正上路，也很难断言常胜神话会终结还是延续。","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"300750":0.9,"03086":0.9,"AAPL":0.9,"09086":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1949,"commentLimit":10,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"symbols":[],"verified":2,"subType":0,"readableState":1,"langContent":"EN","currentLanguage":"EN","warmUpFlag":false,"orderFlag":false,"shareable":true,"causeOfNotShareable":"","featuresForAnalytics":[],"commentAndTweetFlag":false,"andRepostAutoSelectedFlag":false,"upFlag":false,"length":3,"xxTargetLangEnum":"ORIG"},"commentList":[],"hasMoreComment":false,"orderType":2}