n August 2025, the international crude oil market experienced a renewed downturn. After a brief rebound in July, WTI crude oil prices on the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) fell to $65 per barrel on August 5, marking a cumulative decline of 7.3% from July’s peak. Similarly, ICE Brent crude prices dropped more than 6.8%.The July price rebound was driven by three main factors: support from geopolitical risk premiums, increased consumption during the U.S. summer travel season, and a decline in U.S. oil production. However, with OPEC+ fully withdrawing voluntary production cuts, the introduction of high tariffs by the U.S. on major trading partners impacting economic growth, and the end of the U.S. summer travel season, the global crude oil market is again facing oversupply pressure. The